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Principal Protection
An arrangement or mechanism built into an investment product whereby investors are assured that their initial or investment is secure and that this amount will at the very least be returned to them when such a product reaches its maturity date. Principal protection features can take a variety of forms, including capital guarantees provided by banks. Corporate and Government Bonds usually protect principal Protected Investments, where a major bank usually guarantees Capital Guaranteed Investments.
Proforma
A representation of a track record [see Track record] that is developed to show the effect on actual performance of intended or potential adjustments for different fee structures, portfolio allocations or other variations in the investment structure upon which the original track record is based. It is important to note that a proforma is based on actual trading results and differs from a simulation, which models the hypothetical performance of a portfolio or investment approach that has yet to be applied or implemented in actual trading
Performance Fee
Often referred to as an incentive fee, this is the fee earned by a manager on profits that surpass the previous high watermark - the peak level in the net asset value of an investment since inception (see Net new highs]. The calculation of performance fees is sometimes based on that portion of the new highs which exceeds a hurdle rate such as the risk-free interest rate.
Portfolio Efficient Frontier
By plotting the intersection of risk and reward for different investments or weightings of assets, one can generate a risk/reward curve or 'frontier' for those investments. The efficient frontier is the point on such curve where an investment combination delivers the most favourable balance of risk and reward.
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